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Kedu ọrụ nke ngwa ELISA?

2022-12-23

Ngwa ELISA dabere na akụkụ siri ike nke antigen ma ọ bụ mgbochi na ntinye aha enzyme nke antigen ma ọ bụ mgbochi. Antigen ma ọ bụ ihe mgbochi nke jikọtara n'elu nke ihe na-ebu siri ike ka na-ejigide ọrụ immunological ya, na enzyme nke akpọrọ antigen ma ọ bụ antibody na-ejigide ma ọrụ immunological ya na ọrụ enzyme ya. N'oge mkpebi siri ike, ihe nlere n'okpuru ule (nke a na-atụ ihe mgbochi ma ọ bụ antigen) na-emeghachi omume na antigen ma ọ bụ mgbochi n'elu nke onye na-ebu ihe siri ike. A na-ekewa ogige antigen-antibody nke e guzobere na onye na-ebu ihe siri ike na ihe ndị ọzọ dị na mmiri mmiri site na ịsacha.

A na-agbakwunye antigens ma ọ bụ ọgwụ mgbochi nje ndị a na-akpọ enzyme, nke na-ejikọta ya na onye na-ebu ihe siri ike site na mmeghachi omume. N'oge a, ọnụọgụ nke enzyme dị na akụkụ siri ike dị n'ogo nke ihe dị na ihe atụ ahụ. Mgbe ịgbakwunye mkpụrụ nke mmeghachi omume enzyme, mkpụrụ ahụ na-eme ka enzyme ahụ ghọọ ngwaahịa nwere agba. Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ngwaahịa ahụ na-ejikọta ya na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ihe a nwalere na ihe nlele ahụ, ya mere enwere ike ịme nyocha qualitative ma ọ bụ quantitative dịka omimi nke agba.

Ịrụ ọrụ catalytic dị elu nke enzymes n'ụzọ na-apụtaghị ìhè na-amụba nsonaazụ nke nzaghachi mgbochi ahụ, na-eme ka nyocha ahụ dị nro. Enwere ike iji ELISA chọpụta antigens, mana enwere ike iji chọpụta ọgwụ mgbochi.

Ụkpụrụ bụ isi nke ngwa ELISA
Ọ na-eji mmeghachi omume a kapịrị ọnụ nke antigen na mgbochi iji jikọọ ihe ahụ na enzyme, wee mepụta mmeghachi omume agba n'etiti enzyme na mkpụrụ maka ikpebi ọnụọgụgụ. Ihe nledo nwere ike ịbụ antibody ma ọ bụ antigen.

Enwere reagents atọ dị mkpa na usoro mkpebi a:
â Antigen siri ike ma ọ bụ mgbochi (ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa)
â¡ Enzyme akpọrọ antigen ma ọ bụ ihe mgbochi (akara akara)
â¢ mkpụrụ maka ọrụ enzyme (onye na-emepe emepe agba)

Na nha, antigen (antibody) na-ebu ụzọ ejikọta ya na onye na-ebu ya siri ike, mana ọ ka na-ejigide ọrụ mgbochi ya, wee tinye conjugate (marker) nke antibody (antigen) na enzyme, nke ka na-ejigide ọrụ mgbochi mbụ ya na enzyme. ọrụ. Mgbe conjugate na-emeghachi omume na antigen (antibody) na onye na-ebu ya siri ike, a na-agbakwunye mkpụrụ nke enzyme kwekọrọ. Ya bụ, catalytic hydrolysis ma ọ bụ REDOX mmeghachi omume na agba.

Ndo nke agba ọ na-emepụta dabara na ọnụọgụ antigen (antibody) nke a ga-atụle. Enwere ike ịhụ ngwaahịa a na-acha agba site na anya gba ọtọ, microscope anya, microscope eletrọn, nwekwara ike tụọ ya site na spectrophotometer (enzyme label tool). Usoro dị mfe, adaba, ngwa ngwa na kpọmkwem.

Nke gara aga:Okwu mmalite nke Elisa Plate

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